{"id":55417,"date":"2024-02-06T23:57:42","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T23:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medsname.com\/amantrel\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T10:49:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T10:49:12","slug":"amantrel","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/el\/amantrel\/","title":{"rendered":"Amantrel"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

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⚡ Quick Answer<\/h3>\n

Amantrel<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 amantadine<\/strong> (100 mg) capsule with a unique dual mechanism: it both releases dopamine<\/strong> from presynaptic stores and blocks NMDA glutamate receptors<\/strong>. In Parkinson disease it has two distinct uses: (1) modest symptomatic benefit in early disease (especially for tremor and rigidity), and (2) one of the only effective treatments for levodopa-induced dyskinesia<\/strong> in advanced disease. Common, often dose-limiting side effects: ankle oedema, livedo reticularis (a mottled purple-blue skin pattern), confusion, hallucinations (particularly in older patients), insomnia. Amantadine was historically also used to prevent and treat influenza A — a use abandoned because of resistance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd MedsBase:<\/strong> \u03a0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 WHO-GMP \u00b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u00b7 \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u00b7 1,400+ \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/a>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83d\udce6 \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 20 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5.<\/p>\n

\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 MedsBase<\/h3>\n

\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd WHO-GMP \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u2014 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae (\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1 \u2014 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u201cMedsBase\u201d \u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5). \u0393\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac SEPA. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n

What Is Amantrel?<\/h2>\n

Amantrel is an oral capsule containing amantadine 100 mg<\/strong>. Amantadine was originally licensed in the 1960s as an anti-influenza drug; its anti-Parkinson action was discovered serendipitously when a flu-treated patient with Parkinson disease unexpectedly improved. The originator brand is Symmetrel<\/strong>. Amantrel is manufactured by a WHO-GMP certified facility and is bioequivalent at 100 mg.<\/p>\n

How Does Amantrel (Amantadine) Work?<\/h2>\n

Amantadine is unique among Parkinson medications in having two complementary mechanisms<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Dopaminergic enhancement.<\/strong> It increases presynaptic dopamine release, blocks dopamine re-uptake, and may modestly stimulate dopamine receptors. This produces direct anti-parkinsonian effect, especially for rigidity and tremor.<\/li>\n
  2. NMDA receptor antagonism.<\/strong> Amantadine is a non-competitive blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors. Excessive striatal NMDA activity drives levodopa-induced dyskinesia<\/em> — the involuntary writhing movements that emerge after years of levodopa therapy. By dampening this glutamate signal, amantadine reduces dyskinesia \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2<\/em> reducing the levodopa benefit. This is its most distinctive role.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    It also has weak anticholinergic activity, which contributes both to symptom benefit and to the cognitive side effects in older patients.<\/p>\n

    Who Is Amantrel For?<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • Early Parkinson disease<\/strong> — as monotherapy or adjunct to MAO-B inhibitor or dopamine agonist, providing modest symptom relief while delaying introduction of levodopa.<\/li>\n
    • Advanced Parkinson disease with levodopa-induced dyskinesia<\/strong> — this is amantadine’s strongest evidence-based indication. Adding 100–300 mg\/day reduces dyskinesia by approximately 50% in many patients.<\/li>\n
    • Drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms<\/strong> — from antipsychotics; sometimes used as alternative to anticholinergics, particularly in older patients where anticholinergics worsen cognition.<\/li>\n
    • Multiple sclerosis-related fatigue<\/strong> — off-label, modest evidence.<\/li>\n
    • Influenza A<\/strong> \u2014 no longer recommended<\/em>: virtually all circulating influenza A strains are resistant to amantadine since the mid-2000s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Dosing and Administration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/th>\n\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7<\/th>\nUsual maintenance<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Parkinson disease (early monotherapy)<\/strong><\/td>\n100 mg once daily for 1 week<\/td>\n100 mg twice daily; max 300 mg\/day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Levodopa-induced dyskinesia<\/strong><\/td>\n100 mg \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2<\/td>\n100 mg 2–3 times daily; up to 400 mg\/day in selected patients<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Drug-induced parkinsonism<\/strong><\/td>\n100 mg \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2<\/td>\n100–300 mg\/day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Renal impairment (CrCl < 50 ml\/min)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac 50%<\/td>\nCrCl 15–30: 100 mg every 2–3 days; haemodialysis: 100 mg\/week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Time of day matters.<\/strong> Avoid evening doses — amantadine is stimulating and frequently causes insomnia and vivid dreams. Take morning and afternoon doses with or without food.<\/p>\n

      ⚠ Renal dosing — the most common cause of amantadine toxicity<\/strong> Amantadine is excreted almost entirely unchanged by the kidneys. In renal impairment, plasma levels rise quickly and toxicity (confusion, hallucinations, agitation, myoclonus, seizures, livedo reticularis worsening) follows. Always check creatinine clearance before dosing in older patients. Reduce or stop the dose if kidney function drops.<\/div>\n

      \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2<\/h2>\n

      \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2:<\/strong> insomnia, vivid dreams, nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, peripheral oedema (ankle swelling), livedo reticularis<\/em> (purplish mottled rash on the legs — benign but cosmetically alarming).<\/p>\n

      \u039b\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2:<\/strong> blurred vision, urinary retention, postural hypotension, agitation, depression.<\/p>\n

      More serious (mostly in elderly or renal impairment):<\/strong> confusion, visual hallucinations, paranoia, suicidal ideation, seizures, neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome on abrupt withdrawal.<\/p>\n

      Livedo reticularis<\/strong> is a hallmark side effect — a lacy, purple-red mottled pattern over the lower legs and arms. It is harmless and reverses fully over weeks to months after stopping the drug. Many patients can keep using amantadine despite the appearance.<\/p>\n

      \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n