{"id":52048,"date":"2023-09-20T09:28:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medsname.com\/telma-h\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T10:49:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T10:49:12","slug":"telma-h","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/product\/telma-h\/","title":{"rendered":"Telma H"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- medsbase-tldr-answer --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#fff8e1;border-left:4px solid #f5a623;padding:18px 22px;margin:0 0 24px 0;border-radius:4px;\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin:0 0 8px 0;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;\">\u26a1 R\u0103spuns rapid \u2014 Ce este Telma H?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\"><strong>Telma H<\/strong> este un <strong>Comprimat cu doz\u0103 fix\u0103 40\/12,5 mg<\/strong> de telmisartan 40 mg \u0219i <strong>hydrochlorotiazid\u0103<\/strong> de la Glenmark Pharmaceuticals \u2014 un <strong>combina\u021bie antihipertensiv\u0103 de pasul 2<\/strong> pentru pacien\u021bii a c\u0103ror tensiune arterial\u0103 nu este controlat\u0103 cu <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/telmaheal\/\">Telmaheal<\/a> (monoterapie cu telmisartan) singur\u0103. Ad\u0103ugarea unui diuretic tiazidic ofer\u0103 de obicei un beneficiu suplimentar <strong>tensiunii arteriale sistolice cu 5-10 mmHg<\/strong> pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 monoterapia cu ARB. Cele dou\u0103 componente ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin <strong>mecanisme complementare<\/strong> (ARB blocheaz\u0103 receptorul de angiotensin-II; HCTZ reduce sodiu \u0219i induce o contrac\u021bie volumic\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103) \u0219i au <strong>profile de efecte adverse reciproc echilibrate<\/strong> \u2014 HCTZ scade potasiul \u00een timp ce ARB tinde s\u0103 \u00eel creasc\u0103, astfel combina\u021bia este mai pu\u021bin probabil s\u0103 provoace fie hipokaliemie, fie hiperkaliemie dec\u00e2t fiecare medicament luat separat la doze echivalente. Dozaj tipic: o tablet\u0103 o dat\u0103 pe zi. <strong>Contraindica\u021bie absolut\u0103 \u00een sarcin\u0103<\/strong> (ambele componente), <strong>anurie sau insuficien\u021b\u0103 renal\u0103 sever\u0103 (eGFR &lt;30)<\/strong>, <strong>hipersensibilitate la tiazide (sulfonamide)<\/strong>, \u0219i <strong>hiponatremie simptomatic\u0103<\/strong>. Monitoriza\u021bi potasiul, sodiul, uratul \u0219i creatinina \u00een timpul tratamentului.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"medsbase-trust-strip\" style=\"background:#f4f8fb;border:1px solid #d8e3eb;padding:12px 16px;margin:16px 0;border-radius:4px;font-size:14px;\">\n<strong>Ce beneficii ofer\u0103 MedsBase:<\/strong> Produc\u0103tor certificat WHO-GMP \u00b7 Ambalaj discret \u00b7 Livrare la nivel mondial \u00b7 Peste 1.400 de recenzii verificate <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/reviews\/\">ale clien\u021bilor<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"medsbase-reship-line\" style=\"font-size:14px;color:#444;margin:8px 0 18px;\">\ud83d\udce6 Fiecare comand\u0103 este acoperit\u0103 de politica noastr\u0103 de <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/medsbase-re-shipment-assurance-policy\/\"><strong>Politica noastr\u0103 de Reexpediere Garantat\u0103<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 dac\u0103 coletul dumneavoastr\u0103 nu sose\u0219te \u00een 20 de zile lucr\u0103toare, \u00eel relivr\u0103m.<\/p>\n<h3>De ce s\u0103 comanzi de la MedsBase<\/h3>\n<p>Medicamentele noastre generice sunt procurate de la produc\u0103tori certifica\u021bi WHO-GMP \u0219i expediate la nivel mondial \u00een ambalaje discrete \u0219i simple \u2014 f\u0103r\u0103 denumirea medicamentului pe exteriorul coletului. Pl\u0103\u021bile cu cardul sunt procesate printr-un procesor reglementat (descrierile de pe extrasul de cont includ un procesor de pl\u0103\u021bi cu card reglementat \u2014 niciodat\u0103 \u201cMedsBase\u201d sau numele vreunui medicament). Accept\u0103m \u0219i criptomonede \u0219i transferuri bancare SEPA. Fiecare comand\u0103 este sus\u021binut\u0103 de Politica noastr\u0103 de Asigurare pentru Relivrare.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce este Telma H?<\/h2>\n<p>Telma H este un comprimat cu doz\u0103 fix\u0103 combinat\u0103 pentru administrare oral\u0103 care con\u021bine <strong>telmisartan 40 mg<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>hidroclorotiazid\u0103 (HCTZ)<\/strong> \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 pastil\u0103, fabricat de Glenmark Pharmaceuticals \u0219i furnizat \u00een cutii de 30-180 comprimate. Combin\u0103 dou\u0103 clase de medicamente antihipertensive de prim\u0103 linie \u00eentr-un raport ales pentru majoritatea pacien\u021bilor care au dep\u0103\u0219it stadiul monoterapiei cu ARB. Telmisartan (Boehringer Ingelheim sub denumirea Micardis, 1998) are <strong>cea mai lung\u0103 timp de \u00eenjum\u0103t\u0103\u021bire plasmatic\u0103 dintre toate ARB-urile, de ~24 de ore<\/strong>, oferind cel mai uniform profil de tensiune arterial\u0103 pe 24 de ore \u0219i adesea un control mai bun al TA \u00een primele ore ale dimine\u021bii comparativ cu agen\u021bii cu ac\u021biune mai scurt\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Hidroclorotiazida (HCTZ) este un diuretic tiazidic introdus \u00een 1959 (MSD sub denumirea HydroDiuril). R\u0103m\u00e2ne unul dintre cele mai prescrise medicamente antihipertensive la nivel mondial \u0219i este <strong>a patra clas\u0103 recomandat\u0103 de ghiduri ca tratament de prim\u0103 linie<\/strong> pentru hipertensiune, al\u0103turi de ARB, inhibitori ACE \u0219i blocante ale canalelor de calciu.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De ce s\u0103 combina\u021bi un ARB cu un tiazidic?<\/h2>\n<p>Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 este rareori controlat\u0103 cu un singur medicament la doza \u021bint\u0103. Studii precum ALLHAT, ACCOMPLISH \u0219i ASCOT au stabilit c\u0103 <strong>majoritatea pacien\u021bilor hipertensivi necesit\u0103 dou\u0103 sau trei substan\u021be din clase diferite<\/strong> pentru a atinge obiectivele tensionale recomandate (&lt;140\/90 pentru majoritatea adul\u021bilor, &lt;130\/80 pentru diabetici \u0219i pacien\u021bi cu boli renale cronice). Combina\u021bia ARB + tiazidic este una dintre cele trei combina\u021bii de dou\u0103 medicamente bazate pe dovezi (celelalte dou\u0103 fiind ARB + BCC \u0219i BCC + tiazidic).<\/p>\n<p>Cele dou\u0103 componente ale Telma H se completeaz\u0103 reciproc pe <strong>patru axe farmacologice<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mecanisme complementare de sc\u0103dere a tensiunii arteriale.<\/strong> ARB-ul blocheaz\u0103 vasoconstric\u021bia \u0219i re\u021binerea de sodiu determinat\u0103 de aldosteron; HCTZ reduce sodiuul total din organism \u0219i produce o contrac\u021bie de volum u\u0219oar\u0103. Sc\u0103dere adi\u021bional\u0103 a tensiunii arteriale (de obicei 5-10 mmHg sistolic peste monoterapia cu ARB).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contrareglarea RAAS.<\/strong> Tiazidele activeaz\u0103 sistemul renin\u0103-angiotensin\u0103-aldosteron ca r\u0103spuns compensator la pierderea de sodiu \u2014 acest lucru atenueaz\u0103 \u00een mod normal efectul lor. Blocarea receptorului AT<sub>1<\/sub> cu un ARB <strong>previne aceast\u0103 activare compensatorie<\/strong> \u0219i deblocheaz\u0103 \u00eentregul efect antihipertensiv al tiazidei.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Echilibrul potasiului.<\/strong> HCTZ pierde potasiu prin tubulul distal (risc clasic de hipokaliemie). ARB-urile cresc potasiul prin blocarea excre\u021biei de potasiu mediat\u0103 de aldosteron. Combina\u021bia func\u021bioneaz\u0103 astfel la un nivel de potasiu mai fiziologic dec\u00e2t fiecare agent luat separat \u2014 observabil clinic prin mai pu\u021bine episoade de hipokaliemie \u00een terapia combinat\u0103 cu diureticele de ans\u0103 \u0219i mai pu\u021bine hiperkaliemii semnificative clinic dec\u00e2t monoterapia cu ARB.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contrareglarea prin activarea volumului.<\/strong> Vasodilata\u021bia indus\u0103 de ARB poate declan\u0219a reten\u021bia de sodiu la pacien\u021bii sensibili la sare (o cauz\u0103 clasic\u0103 a r\u0103spunsului \u201cpierdut\u201d al tensiunii arteriale dup\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni de terapie). Natriureza indus\u0103 de HCTZ \u00eentrerupe acest ciclu de reten\u021bie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Telmisartan ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 asupra <strong>activitate par\u021bial\u0103 agonist\u0103 la PPAR-\u03b3<\/strong> (receptorul nuclear vizat de antidiabeticele tiazolidinedione precum pioglitazonul), oferind beneficii modeste pentru sensibilitatea la insulin\u0103, HDL \u0219i distribu\u021bia \u021besutului adipos. Acesta este un contrabalans util \u00eentr-o combina\u021bie cu HCTZ, deoarece <strong>tiazidele \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021besc toleran\u021ba la glucoz\u0103 \u0219i profilul lipidic<\/strong>. Combina\u021bia de telmisartan + HCTZ atenueaz\u0103 par\u021bial aceste dezavantaje metabolice \u00een compara\u021bie cu alte asocieri ARB+tiazidic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dovezi pentru ARB+HCTZ:<\/strong> Numele <strong>Studiul ONTARGET (2008)<\/strong> a stabilit c\u0103 telmisartanul nu este inferior ramiprilului \u00een protec\u021bia cardiovascular\u0103 la pacien\u021bii cu risc ridicat (combina\u021bie de deces CV, IM, AVC, spitalizare pentru IC). TRANSCEND a extins acest lucru la pacien\u021bii intoleran\u021bi la ACEi. Nici combinarea ARB+ACEi nu dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te monoterapia \u2014 dar ARB+HCTZ o dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doza \u0219i titrare<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Doza standard:<\/strong> un comprimat de 40\/12,5 mg o dat\u0103 pe zi, de obicei diminea\u021ba (HCTZ provoac\u0103 o diurez\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103; administrarea seara poate perturba somnul din cauza mic\u021biunilor nocturne).<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2nd s\u0103 \u00eencepe\u021bi Telma H:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TA necontrolat\u0103 cu monoterapie telmisartan 40 mg dup\u0103 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni la doza \u021bint\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Hipertensiune stadiul 2 (\u2265160\/100) ca combina\u021bie de pornire \u2014 ini\u021bierea a dou\u0103 medicamente din clase diferite este preferat\u0103 titr\u0103rii unui singur agent \u00een hipertensiunea sever\u0103 conform ghidurilor AHA\/ACC<\/li>\n<li>Trecerea de la o combina\u021bie de inhibitor ACE\/HCTZ c\u00e2nd inhibitorul ACE a provocat tuse<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Titrarea:<\/strong> dac\u0103 TA r\u0103m\u00e2ne necontrolat\u0103 dup\u0103 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni la combina\u021bia fix\u0103 ini\u021bial\u0103, se poate substitui un comprimat cu doz\u0103 mai mare (majoritatea produc\u0103torilor ofer\u0103 combina\u021bii de 50\/12,5, 100\/12,5, 80\/12,5, 160\/12,5 \u0219i 160\/25 ale ARB-ului relevant cu HCTZ). Alternativ, se poate ad\u0103uga o a treia clas\u0103 \u2014 de obicei un <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/amlode\/\">blocant al canalelor de calciu (amlodipin\u0103)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Program de monitorizare:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Valori ini\u021biale:<\/strong> uree, electroli\u021bi (sodiu, potasiu), creatinin\u0103, eGFR, acid uric seric, glicemie la stomacul gol, lipide. TA acas\u0103 sau \u00een clinic\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>la 1-2 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni dup\u0103 \u00eenceperea sau modificarea dozei:<\/strong> repetare U&amp;E. Se a\u0219teapt\u0103 o cre\u0219tere u\u0219oar\u0103 a creatininemiei (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30% este acceptabil), o sc\u0103dere u\u0219oar\u0103 a sodiului (1-3 mmol), o cre\u0219tere u\u0219oar\u0103 a acidului uric (par\u021bial compensat\u0103 \u00een produsele care con\u021bin losartan). Potasiul r\u0103m\u00e2ne de obicei \u00een limite normale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni:<\/strong> evaluare TA pentru a aprecia r\u0103spunsul; repetare U&amp;E dac\u0103 exist\u0103 tulburare electrolitic\u0103 la evaluarea anterioar\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Continuu:<\/strong> analize anuale U&amp;E, urat, glucoz\u0103 \u0219i lipide odat\u0103 stabilizat. Tensiune arterial\u0103 acas\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Opri\u021bi \u0219i investiga\u021bi:<\/strong> hiponatremie simptomatic\u0103 (confuzie, grea\u021b\u0103, letargie; Na seric &lt;130), potasiu 5,5, cre\u0219tere creatinin\u0103 &gt;30%, gut\u0103 nou\u0103 sau agravat\u0103, erup\u021bie cutanat\u0103 de hipersensibilitate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00centrerupere:<\/strong> nu exist\u0103 sindrom de sevraj, dar \u00eentreruperea brusc\u0103 determin\u0103 revenirea treptat\u0103 a tensiunii arteriale \u00een c\u00e2teva zile. Reducerea progresiv\u0103 prin substituire cu o combina\u021bie de putere mai mic\u0103 sau revenire la monoterapia cu ARB sub monitorizarea tensiunii arteriale.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Efecte Secundare<\/h2>\n<p>Efectele secundare se suprapun cu cele ale ambelor componente medicamentoase. Combina\u021bia este de obicei <strong>mai bine tolerat\u0103<\/strong> dec\u00e2t oricare component\u0103 la doza maxim\u0103 de monoterapie, deoarece dozele utilizate \u00een combina\u021biile cu doz\u0103 fix\u0103 sunt mai mici dec\u00e2t dozele maxime de monoterapie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Frecvente (&gt;1% din utilizatori):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ame\u021beli, hipotensiune postural\u0103 (de obicei u\u0219oar\u0103; mai frecvent\u0103 \u00een primele 1-2 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni)<\/li>\n<li>Diurez\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103 \u2014 urinare crescut\u0103 \u00een primele zile, care de obicei se stabilizeaz\u0103 odat\u0103 cu echilibrarea volumului<\/li>\n<li>Hiponatremie u\u0219oar\u0103 sau hipokaliemie la pacien\u021bii susceptibili<\/li>\n<li>Cre\u0219tere mic\u0103 a creatinei (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30%)<\/li>\n<li>Oboseal\u0103, cefalee, nazofaringit\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Hiperuricemie (de obicei asimptomatic\u0103; rareori declan\u0219eaz\u0103 gut\u0103 \u2014 mai pu\u021bin probabil la combina\u021biile care con\u021bin losartan)<\/li>\n<li>Erup\u021bie cutanat\u0103 fotosensibil\u0103 (legat\u0103 de tiazide)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pu\u021bin frecvente, dar clinic importante:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hiponatremie sever\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 riscul este cel mai mare la femeile \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 cu diete s\u0103race \u00een sare, insuficien\u021b\u0103 cardiac\u0103 sau predispuse la SIADH. Investiga\u021bi orice confuzie nou\u0103, grea\u021b\u0103 sau c\u0103deri cu determinarea sodiului seric.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Precipitarea gutei acute<\/strong> \u2014 mai probabil\u0103 la valsartan+HCTZ sau telmisartan+HCTZ dec\u00e2t la losartan+HCTZ. Se recomand\u0103 trecerea la o combina\u021bie pe baz\u0103 de losartan \u00een caz de recuren\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tulburare metabolic\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 agravarea toleran\u021bei la glucoz\u0103 (cre\u0219tere medie a glicemiei \u00een post de 5-8 mg\/dL), cre\u0219tere moderat\u0103 a LDL \u0219i a trigliceridelor. Telmisartan atenueaz\u0103 par\u021bial acest efect prin activitatea PPAR-\u03b3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Angioedem<\/strong> \u2014 rat\u0103 mai mic\u0103 dec\u00e2t la inhibitorii ACE, dar posibil\u0103. \u00centrerupe\u021bi imediat; \u00eenlocui\u021bi cu un agent non-RAAS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Leziune renal\u0103 acut\u0103 \u00een st\u0103ri de deple\u021bie volumic\u0103 sau stenoz\u0103 bilateral\u0103 a arterei renale<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pancreatit\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 efect advers rar al tiazidelor; \u00eentrerupe\u021bi imediat la apari\u021bia oric\u0103rei dureri \u00een abdomenul superior cu cre\u0219tere a lipazei.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Miopie acut\u0103 \u0219i glaucom cu unghi \u00eenchis<\/strong> \u2014 reac\u021bie rar\u0103 din clasa sulfamidelor, de obicei \u00een c\u00e2teva ore sau zile de la \u00eenceperea unui nou sulfamid. \u00centrerupe\u021bi \u0219i solicita\u021bi consult oftalmologic urgent \u00een caz de durere ocular\u0103 brusc\u0103 sau modificare a vederii.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trombocitopenie, leucopenie<\/strong> \u2014 reac\u021bii rare din clasa tiazidelor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contraindica\u021bii<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sarcina \u2014 CONTRAINDICA\u021aIE ABSOLUT\u0102 \u00een toate trimestrele.<\/strong> Ambele componente: ARB-urile provoac\u0103 agenezie renal\u0103 fetal\u0103, oligohidramnios, hipoplazie pulmonar\u0103; HCTZ traverseaz\u0103 placenta \u0219i poate provoca icter fetal sau neonatal \u0219i trombocitopenie. Schimba\u021bi la <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/labebet\/\">labetalol<\/a>, methyldopa, sau nifedipine \u00eenainte de concep\u021bie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anurie sau insuficien\u021b\u0103 renal\u0103 sever\u0103<\/strong> (eGFR &lt;30 mL\/min\/1,73 m<sup>2<\/sup>) \u2014 HCTZ \u00ee\u0219i pierde eficacitatea la GFR sc\u0103zut \u0219i ARB-urile prezint\u0103 risc de AKI<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hipersensibilitate la tiazide sau sulfonamide<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Hiponatremie simptomatic\u0103 (Na &lt;130)<\/strong> la evaluarea ini\u021bial\u0103 \u2014 se va agrava<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hipokaliemie simptomatic\u0103 (K &lt;3,0)<\/strong> sau hipomagneziemie la evaluarea ini\u021bial\u0103 \u2014 corecta\u021bi \u00eent\u00e2i<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hipercalcemia<\/strong> \u2014 HCTZ cre\u0219te calciul prin reducerea excre\u021biei urinare<\/li>\n<li><strong>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 hepatic\u0103 sever\u0103<\/strong> (Child-Pugh C) \u2014 risc de precipita\u021bie a encefalopatiei hepatice prin modific\u0103ri electrolitice<\/li>\n<li><strong>Istoric de angioedem\u0103 cu orice inhibitor ACE sau ARB<\/strong> (\u00een ultimele 4 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni; utilizarea pe termen lung cu precau\u021bie este adesea acceptabil\u0103 sub \u00eendrumare specializat\u0103)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stenoz\u0103 bilateral\u0103 a arterei renale<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Concomitent sacubitril\/valsartan (Entresto)<\/strong> \u2014 este necesar\u0103 o perioad\u0103 de abstinen\u021b\u0103 de 36 de ore<\/li>\n<li><strong>Administrare concomitent\u0103 cu aliskiren \u00een diabet sau BCR<\/strong> (ALTITUDE harm)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inhibitor de ACE concomitent<\/strong> \u2014 risc ONTARGET f\u0103r\u0103 beneficiu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Al\u0103ptarea:<\/strong> HCTZ este excretat \u00een lapte \u0219i poate suprima lacta\u021bia la doze mai mari; \u00een general, este evitat \u00een primele s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni dup\u0103 na\u0219terea unui copil prematur. Antihipertensive alternative (propranolol, nifedipin\u0103) sunt preferate atunci c\u00e2nd este posibil.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interac\u021biuni medicamentoase<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Litiu \u2014 INTERAC\u021aIUNE CRITIC\u0102.<\/strong> Tiazidele reduc clearance-ul renal de litiu \u0219i pot precipita toxicitatea de litiu. Evita\u021bi combina\u021bia dac\u0103 este posibil; dac\u0103 este inevitabil, monitoriza\u021bi nivelurile de litiu s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nal \u00een prima lun\u0103 \u0219i reduce\u021bi doza de litiu cu 25-50%.<\/li>\n<li><strong>AINE \u2014 risc de \u201ctripl\u0103 lovitur\u0103\u201d.<\/strong> ARB + diuretic + AINE = risc crescut de AKI \u00een hipovolemie sau boli concomitente (infec\u021bie, deshidratare). Reduce\u021bi utilizarea AINE la ocazional\u0103 pe termen scurt; paracetamolul este preferat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Suplimente de potasiu, diuretice economisitoare de potasiu (spironolacton\u0103, eplerenon\u0103, amilorid\u0103)<\/strong> \u2014 hiperkaliemie \u00een ciuda pierderii de potasiu induse de HCTZ. Monitoriza\u021bi \u00eendeaproape.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Digoxin\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 hipokaliemia indus\u0103 de HCTZ poten\u021beaz\u0103 toxicitatea digoxinului. Monitoriza\u021bi nivelurile de potasiu \u0219i digoxin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Corticoizi orali<\/strong> \u2014 hipokaliemie aditiv\u0103 \u0219i reten\u021bie de lichide (compens\u00e2nd par\u021bial efectul tiazidelor)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Amfotericina B, laxative stimulante<\/strong> \u2014 risc aditiv de hipokaliemie<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antidiabetice orale, insulin\u0103<\/strong> \u2014 tiazidele \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021besc toleran\u021ba la glucoz\u0103; HbA1c-ul diabetic poate cre\u0219te cu 0,1-0,3%. Mai pu\u021bin preocupant cu telmisartan+HCTZ dec\u00e2t alte combina\u021bii ARB+HCTZ (activitatea PPAR-\u03b3 a telmisartanului contracareaz\u0103 par\u021bial efectul tiazidelor).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Colestiramin\u0103 \/ colestipol<\/strong> \u2014 reduce absorb\u021bia HCTZ cu 40-85%. Administrarea trebuie separat\u0103 cu 4 ore.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alcool<\/strong> \u2014 hipotensiune postural\u0103 aditiv\u0103, \u00een special la titrarea dozei<\/li>\n<li><strong>Al\u021bi inhibitori ACE, al\u021bi BRA, aliskiren<\/strong> \u2014 nu combina\u021bi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Telma H vs Monoterapie ARB \u2014 C\u00e2nd s\u0103 trece\u021bi la tratament combinat<\/h2>\n<p>Telma H este un <strong>agent de pasul 2<\/strong>, nu un medicament de prim\u0103 linie. Pentru hipertensiune arterial\u0103 nou diagnosticat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 complica\u021bii:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Inicia\u021bi<\/strong> cu <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/telmaheal\/\">Telmaheal<\/a> (monoterapie cu telmisartan) (sau un blocant al canalelor de calciu; sau un inhibitor ACE dac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 istoric de tuse indus\u0103 de ACEi)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Titra\u021bi<\/strong> la doza \u021bint\u0103 \u00een 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dac\u0103 TA r\u0103m\u00e2ne necontrolat\u0103<\/strong>, trece\u021bi la Telma H (ARB + tiazidic\u0103) <strong>sau<\/strong> ad\u0103uga\u021bi un CCB (ARB + CCB). Ambele sunt combina\u021bii bazate pe dovezi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dac\u0103 TA r\u0103m\u00e2ne necontrolat\u0103 dup\u0103 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni de terapie combinat\u0103<\/strong>, trece\u021bi la o combina\u021bie tripl\u0103: ARB + CCB + tiazidic\u0103<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dincolo de terapia tripl\u0103<\/strong>, ad\u0103uga\u021bi spironolacton\u0103 (dovezile din studiul PATHWAY-2 pentru hipertensiune rezistent\u0103) sau trimite\u021bi pentru evaluare specializat\u0103 (stenoz\u0103 de arter\u0103 renal\u0103, hiperaldosteronism primar, feocromocitom)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Pacien\u021bii cu hipertensiune arterial\u0103 \u00een stadiul 2 necomplicat\u0103 (\u2265160\/100) pot \u00eencepe direct cu Telma H \u2014 conform ghidurilor actuale AHA\/ACC, ini\u021bierea timpurie a terapiei cu dou\u0103 medicamente este preferat\u0103 pentru hipertensiunea sever\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de titrarea cu un singur medicament.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Depozitare<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0103stra\u021bi Telma H sub 25\u00b0C \u00een ambalajul original blister. Depozita\u021bi \u00een afara accesului copiilor.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"faqs\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Este Telma H un medicament de prim\u0103 linie pentru hipertensiune?<\/h3>\n<p>Nu \u2014 combina\u021biile fixe ARB\/tiazidic\u0103 sunt <strong>agen\u021bi de pasul 2<\/strong>. Abordarea standard este \u00eenceperea cu monoterapie ARB (<a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/telmaheal\/\">Telmaheal<\/a> (monoterapie cu telmisartan)), titra\u021bi la doza \u021bint\u0103 \u0219i trece\u021bi la Telma H numai dac\u0103 TA nu este controlat\u0103 dup\u0103 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. O excep\u021bie: hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 \u00een stadiul 2 (\u2265160\/100) poate \u00eencepe direct cu terapie cu dou\u0103 medicamente conform ghidurilor AHA\/ACC.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2nd ar trebui s\u0103 iau Telma H \u2014 diminea\u021ba sau seara?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Diminea\u021ba<\/strong> este implicit\u0103. Componenta HCTZ este diuretic\u0103 \u2014 cre\u0219te produc\u021bia de urin\u0103 timp de 2-4 ore dup\u0103 administrare. Administrarea seara poate perturba somnul din cauza urin\u0103rii nocturne. Unor pacien\u021bi cu hipertensiune nocturn\u0103 (pacien\u021bi care nu prezint\u0103 sc\u0103dere nocturn\u0103, boal\u0103 renal\u0103 cronic\u0103) li se poate recomanda s\u0103 treac\u0103 la administrare seara pentru a \u021binti tensiunea arterial\u0103 de diminea\u021b\u0103; discuta\u021bi cu medicul dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2t\u0103 sc\u0103dere suplimentar\u0103 a tensiunii arteriale pot a\u0219tepta fa\u021b\u0103 de <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/telmaheal\/\">Telmaheal<\/a> (monoterapie cu telmisartan) singur?<\/h3>\n<p>Aproximativ <strong>5-10 mmHg sistolic suplimentar \u0219i 3-6 mmHg diastolic suplimentar<\/strong> \u00een medie, m\u0103surat la 4-6 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni dup\u0103 \u00eenceperea tratamentului cu Telma H. Efectul aditiv provine din blocarea activ\u0103rii compensatorii a RAAS care atenueaz\u0103 normal monoterapia cu tiazide; aceast\u0103 blocare deblocheaz\u0103 efectul complet al HCTZ.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potasiul meu este normal cu un ARB \u2014 va sc\u0103dea cu Telma H?<\/h3>\n<p>De obicei, r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een limitele normale. Pierderea de potasiu indus\u0103 de tiazidice este <strong>par\u021bial compensat\u0103 de tendin\u021ba ARB de a cre\u0219te potasiul.<\/strong>. Un num\u0103r mic de pacien\u021bi pot dezvolta hipokaliemie \u2014 analizele de baz\u0103 \u0219i de urm\u0103rire a electroli\u021bilor (U&amp;E) la 1-2 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni sunt de rutin\u0103. Dac\u0103 potasiul scade sub 3,5, ad\u0103uga\u021bi o strategie de economisire a potasiului (eplerenon\u0103, diet\u0103 bogat\u0103 \u00een potasiu sau ocazional suplimente de potasiu) \u00een loc s\u0103 opri\u021bi Telma H.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Telma H \u00eemi va cre\u0219te acidul uric sau va declan\u0219a gut\u0103?<\/h3>\n<p>HCTZ cre\u0219te acidul uric seric; Telmisartanul este neutru \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te uratul. O cre\u0219tere de 0,5-1,5 mg\/dL este comun\u0103. Accesele de gut\u0103 sunt neobi\u0219nuite, dar posibile la pacien\u021bii susceptibili (istoric de gut\u0103, BCR, obezitate, consum mare de alcool). Dac\u0103 dezvolta\u021bi gut\u0103 nou\u0103, \u00eentreba\u021bi despre trecerea la un <strong>combina\u021bie bazat\u0103 pe losartan<\/strong> ARB+HCTZ (<a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/cosart-h\/\">Cosart-H<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/cozartan-h\/\">Cozartan-H<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/losatec-h\/\">Losatec H<\/a>) \u2014 losartanul are efect uricosuric \u0219i contrabalanseaz\u0103 par\u021bial efectul de cre\u0219tere a uratului al HCTZ.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Am diabet de tip 2 \u2014 este Telma H sigur?<\/h3>\n<p>Da \u2014 \u0219i telmisartanul este <strong>ARB-ul preferat pentru pacien\u021bii cu diabet sau sindrom metabolic<\/strong> datorit\u0103 agonismului s\u0103u par\u021bial PPAR-\u03b3. Tiazidele \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021besc modest toleran\u021ba la glucoz\u0103; activitatea metabolic\u0103 a telmisartanului contrabalanseaz\u0103 par\u021bial acest lucru, f\u0103c\u00e2nd combina\u021bia telmisartan+HCTZ (Telma H) o alegere rezonabil\u0103 pentru diabetici. Monitoriza\u021bi HbA1c anual; a\u0219tepta\u021bi-v\u0103 la o cre\u0219tere medie de 0,1-0,3% fa\u021b\u0103 de ARB singur, dar la un control mai bun al TA care reduce complica\u021biile diabetice mai mult dec\u00e2t cre\u0219terea glucozei.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pot lua ibuprofen cu Telma H?<\/h3>\n<p>Utilizarea ocazional\u0103 pe termen scurt este de obicei acceptabil\u0103. <strong>Utilizarea cronic\u0103 zilnic\u0103 de AINS<\/strong> (ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen) sunt riscante \u00een orice combina\u021bie de ARB + diuretic \u2014 \u201ctriplu impact\u201d (ARB + diuretic + AINS) poate precipita leziune renal\u0103 acut\u0103 \u00een caz de deshidratare, infec\u021bie sau interven\u021bie chirurgical\u0103. Pentru durerea cronic\u0103 folosi\u021bi paracetamol; pentru inflama\u021bie discuta\u021bi alternative cu medicul dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pot lua Telma H \u00een timpul sarcinii?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Nu \u2014 absolut contraindicated.<\/strong> Ambele componente sunt teratogene: ARB-ul provoac\u0103 agenezie renal\u0103 fetal\u0103 \u0219i oligohidramnios; HCTZ trece prin placent\u0103 \u0219i poate provoca icter fetal sau neonatal \u0219i trombocitopenie. Femeile \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 fertil\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 metode contraceptive sigure. Pentru cele care planific\u0103 sarcin\u0103, trece\u021bi la <a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/labebet\/\">labetalol<\/a>, metildop\u0103 sau nifedipin\u0103 <strong>\u00eenainte de concep\u021bie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Va trebui s\u0103 urinez mai des noaptea cu Telma H?<\/h3>\n<p>De obicei nu, dac\u0103 lua\u021bi comprimatul diminea\u021ba. Efectul diuretic atinge maximul la 2-4 ore dup\u0103 administrare \u0219i se diminueaz\u0103 \u00een mare parte p\u00e2n\u0103 seara. Pacien\u021bii care trec la administrare seara experimenteaz\u0103 frecvent nicturie; revenirea la administrarea diminea\u021ba rezolv\u0103 aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 \u00een 1-3 zile.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce fac dac\u0103 uit o doz\u0103?<\/h3>\n<p>Lua\u021bi-l c\u00e2nd v\u0103 aminti\u021bi, cu excep\u021bia cazului \u00een care este la c\u00e2teva ore de urm\u0103toarea doz\u0103 \u2014 \u00een acest caz omite\u021bi doza uitat\u0103 \u0219i continua\u021bi programul normal. Nu dubla\u021bi doza. O singur\u0103 doz\u0103 omis\u0103 nu afecteaz\u0103 semnificativ controlul TA. Dac\u0103 omite\u021bi mai mult de 2 zile, TA va \u00eencepe s\u0103 creasc\u0103 din nou; relua\u021bi la doza obi\u0219nuit\u0103 (nu este nevoie s\u0103 cre\u0219te\u021bi doza).<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unde pot cump\u0103ra Telma H online?<\/h3>\n<p>Pute\u021bi achizi\u021biona Telma H (40\/12,5 mg telmisartan + HCTZ, 30-180 comprimate) de la MedsBase cu ambalaj discret \u0219i livrare la nivel mondial.<\/p>\n<p><!-- medsbase-related-alts-v1 --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Antihipertensive \u00eenrudite pe MedsBase<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/amlode\/\">Amlode \u2014 Amlodipin\u0103 5\/10 mg (CCB)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/diovan-160\/\">Diovan 160 \u2014 Valsartan 160 mg (monoterapie)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/losar\/\">Losar \u2014 Losartan 25\/50 mg (monoterapie)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/olmesar\/\">Olmesar \u2014 Olmesartan 20\/40 mg (monoterapie)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/olmezest-am\/\">Olmezest AM \u2014 Olmesartan + Amlodipin\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/valzaar-h\/\">Valzaar H \u2014 Valsartan + HCTZ<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/high-blood-pressure-medication\/\"><strong>R\u0103sfoi\u021bi toate medicamentele pentru hipertensiune arterial\u0103<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"background:#fff3f3;border-left:4px solid #d9534f;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0;border-radius:4px;\"><strong>\u2695 Dezaprobare medical\u0103.<\/strong> Aceast\u0103 pagin\u0103 are scop informativ \u0219i nu \u00eenlocuie\u0219te sfatul medical al unui medic calificat. Hipertensiunea, insuficien\u021ba cardiac\u0103 \u0219i aritmiile necesit\u0103 diagnostic, monitorizare \u0219i individualizarea dozei de c\u0103tre un medic \u2014 utiliza\u021bi \u00eentotdeauna beta-blocante sub \u00eendrumare medical\u0103.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Telma H este combina\u021bia de doz\u0103 fix\u0103 a Glenmark de telmisartan 40 mg + HCTZ 12,5 mg \u2014 combina\u021bie antihipertensiv\u0103 de linia a doua pentru pacien\u021bii care nu sunt controla\u021bi doar cu telmisartan. Timpul de \u00eenjum\u0103t\u0103\u021bire de 24 de ore al telmisartanului ofer\u0103 cea mai bun\u0103 acoperire a tensiunii arteriale pe 24 de ore dintre toate combina\u021biile ARB+HCTZ. Agonismul par\u021bial PPAR-gamma atenueaz\u0103 par\u021bial efectele adverse ale HCTZ asupra glucozei \u0219i lipidelor \u2014 combina\u021bie preferat\u0103 \u00een sindromul metabolic \u0219i diabet.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":52049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[3141,3223,3260,3356],"product_tag":[3401,3444],"class_list":{"0":"post-52048","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-category-overview","7":"product_cat-chronic-conditions","8":"product_cat-heart-blood-pressure","9":"product_cat-high-blood-pressure-medication","10":"product_tag-hydrochlorothiazide","11":"product_tag-telmisartan","13":"first","14":"outofstock","15":"shipping-taxable","16":"purchasable","17":"product-type-variable","18":"has-default-attributes"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/52048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52048"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=52048"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=52048"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medsbase.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=52048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}