Urifon

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What Is Urifon?

Urifon is a branded generic of nitrofurantoin, a nitrofuran antibiotic developed in the 1950s that has re-emerged as first-line therapy for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (cystitis) thanks to its narrow spectrum, high urinary concentration, and low resistance rates. Available in strengths of 100 mg.

Important note on category: nitrofurantoin treats bacterial UTIs — it is not used for sexually transmitted infections. Although UTIs and STIs can both cause dysuria (painful urination), the pathogens, treatments, and follow-up differ significantly.

Genitale herpes (eerste episode):

• Uncomplicated UTI (cystitis) in women: 100 mg twice daily for 5 days (modified-release) — first-line per IDSA, EAU, NICE.
• UTI prophylaxis (long-term): 50–100 mg once daily at bedtime for recurrent UTIs (short or long term).
• Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy (first and second trimester): 100 mg twice daily for 5–7 days. Avoid at term (≥36 weeks) — see below.
• Not for: kidney infections (pyelonephritis) — nitrofurantoin does not achieve adequate tissue concentrations outside the urine. Not for prostate infections, bloodstream infections, or systemic sepsis.

Hoe in te nemen

1. Take with food or milk — improves absorption and reduces stomach upset.
2. Swallow capsules whole with a full glass of water. Stay well hydrated while on treatment.
3. Complete the full course (5 days for acute UTI) even if symptoms resolve within 1–2 days. Stopping early promotes resistance and may allow the infection to return.
4. Nitrofurantoin may turn urine dark yellow, brown, or rust-coloured — this is harmless.
5. For recurrent UTIs, post-coital single-dose prophylaxis (one dose after sex) may be prescribed by a clinician.

Critical Warnings

• Renal function: not effective if creatinine clearance is <30–45 mL/min. At low GFR, urinary drug concentration is too low to work and systemic toxicity risk rises. Older patients especially need eGFR checked before use.
• Pulmonary toxicity (rare but serious): acute (allergic pneumonitis) usually within weeks of starting. Chronic (pulmonary fibrosis) with long-term prophylactic use. Report shortness of breath, cough, or fever immediately.
• Hepatotoxicity (rare): chronic use can cause liver injury. Monitor liver function on long-term prophylaxis.
• Peripheral neuropathy: risk increases with renal impairment, diabetes, B-vitamin deficiency, and long treatment duration.
• Pregnancy at term (≥36 weeks) and in neonates <1 month: risk of hemolytic anaemia in the newborn (G6PD deficiency). Avoid.
• G6PD deficiency: contraindicated — risk of acute haemolysis.

Bijwerkingen

Vaak (≥1%): nausea, loss of appetite, headache. Taking with food usually helps.

Minder vaak: diarrhoea, dizziness, rash, harmless urine discolouration.

Ernstig (zeldzaam): acute pulmonary reaction, chronic pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral neuropathy, hepatotoxicity, haemolytic anaemia (G6PD), Clostridioides difficile colitis.

Who Should Not Take Urifon

• eGFR / creatinine clearance <30–45 mL/min (drug ineffective + toxic)
• G6PD deficiency
• Pregnancy at term (≥36 weeks) or during labour
• Infants under 1 month
• Previous history of nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary reaction or liver injury
• Overgevoeligheid bekend

Geneesmiddelinteracties

• Antacida (especially magnesium trisilicate): reduce absorption — separate doses.
• Probenecid: reduces renal excretion of nitrofurantoin, raising systemic levels and reducing urinary levels (effectively making the drug less useful for UTI).
• Fluoroquinolones: should not be combined — nitrofurantoin may antagonise fluoroquinolone activity.
• No significant interactions with hormonal contraceptives or most other commonly-used drugs.

UTI vs STI — Know the Difference

UTI and STI symptoms overlap (painful urination, frequency, urgency) but the pathogens and treatments are very different. Nitrofurantoin treats UTIs caused by E. coli, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, en Klebsiella. Het geldt niet treat chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasma, or trichomonas. If you have recent new sexual partner(s) or urethral discharge, test for STIs before assuming a UTI.

Opslag

Store at room temperature (15–25 °C / 59–77 °F), away from moisture and light. Keep in original packaging. Keep out of reach of children.

Veelgestelde vragen

Why is Urifon first-line for UTI?

Nitrofurantoin has a narrow spectrum (mostly UTI pathogens), concentrates in urine, and has stable resistance rates even after 60 years of use. It spares gut flora better than broad-spectrum alternatives like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or fluoroquinolones.

How fast does Urifon work?

Most patients feel improvement within 24–48 hours. Full 5-day course is still required — stopping early leaves residual bacteria that can re-establish infection.

Can I use Urifon for a kidney infection?

No. Nitrofurantoin does not reach adequate tissue levels outside urine, so it cannot treat pyelonephritis or pyelitis. Fever, flank pain, or nausea with UTI symptoms need a different antibiotic.

Why does my urine turn dark?

Nitrofurantoin colours urine dark yellow, brown, or rust — this is harmless and stops when treatment ends. Does not indicate bleeding or kidney damage.

Can I take Urifon while pregnant?

In the first and second trimesters, yes — widely used and considered safe. Avoid at term (≥36 weeks) and during labour due to neonatal hemolytic anaemia risk.

Can Urifon be used for STIs?

No. Nitrofurantoin does not cover chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasma genitalium, or trichomonas. If your symptoms include urethral discharge, genital ulcers, or recent new sexual contact, request STI testing — treatment is different.

Can I take Urifon with birth control pills?

Yes — no significant interaction with hormonal contraceptives. Continue your usual pill/patch/ring as prescribed.

What if UTIs keep coming back?

Recurrent UTIs (≥2 in 6 months or ≥3 in 12 months) warrant investigation. Options include post-coital single-dose prophylaxis, nightly low-dose prophylaxis, vaginal oestrogen (post-menopause), and behavioural changes. Your clinician can tailor a plan.

Gerelateerde producten & gidsen

• Urivron (Nitrofurantoin)
• Uriheal (Nitrofurantoin)

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