Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Injectable — Research Grade
✅ Cobalt-centered corrinoid coenzyme — vitamin B12 family (CAS 68-19-9)
✅ Pre-formulated sterile aqueous solution (no reconstitution required)
✅ 1 mg/mL × 10 mL multi-dose research vial (10 mg total cyanocobalamin)
✅ Cellular methionine synthase + methylmalonyl-CoA mutase cofactor
✅ Small-molecule research-companion compound (MW 1355.37, USP-grade)
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Injectable contains 1 mg/mL × 10 mL sterile cyanocobalamin solution.
✓ Medisch beoordeeld door Morgan Ellis — Apotheekonderzoeker · 8 jaar ervaring · Laatst beoordeeld: mei 2026
Quick Answer — What is B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Injectable?
Vitamine B12 (Cyanocobalamine) is the synthetic cyano-coordinated form of the cobalamin coenzyme family (CAS 68-19-9, MF C63H88CoN14O14P, MW 1355.37 g/mol). Supplied here as a 10 mg per 10 mL multi-dose injectable vial (1 mg/mL pre-formulated sterile aqueous solution — no reconstitution required) for research and companion-protocol use alongside the peptide catalogue. Cyanocobalamin is the most-cited B12 form in published research because it is the most chemically stable: cells take it up via the transcobalamin-II / cubilin pathway and convert it intracellularly to the two biologically-active cobalamin forms — methylcobalamin (cofactor for methionine synthase / SAM cycle / one-carbon metabolism) and adenosylcobalamin (cofactor for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase / odd-chain fatty acid metabolism / TCA entry). For laboratory research use only. Not a peptide — small-molecule cobalt-centered corrinoid coenzyme.
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| Specificatie | Detail |
|---|---|
| Compound Class | Cobalt-centered corrinoid coenzyme; vitamin B12 family; small-molecule cofactor; not a peptide |
| Chemical Name | Cyanocobalamin (synonyms: Vitamin B12, cobalamin (cyano form), CN-B12; the cyano-coordinated synthetic stabilisation form of the cobalamin family) |
| CAS-nummer | 68-19-9 (cyanocobalamin); related cobalamin CAS — methylcobalamin 13422-55-4, hydroxocobalamin 13422-51-0, adenosylcobalamin 13870-90-1 (not supplied here) |
| Molecuulformule | C63H88CoN14O14P |
| Moleculair gewicht | 1355.37 g/mol |
| Mechanism | Cyanocobalamin enters cells via the receptor-mediated transcobalamin-II → cubilin pathway and is converted intracellularly by methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) and methylmalonic aciduria cblA-type protein (MMAA) into the two biologically-active cobalamin coenzymes — methylcobalamin (cytosolic cofactor for methionine synthase) and adenosylcobalamin (mitochondrial cofactor for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase). Both coenzymes are essential for one-carbon / methylation and propionyl-CoA / odd-chain fatty acid metabolism respectively. |
| Sequentie | n/a (small-molecule corrinoid coenzyme — not a peptide) |
| Form & Concentration | Pre-formulated sterile aqueous solution — 1 mg/mL cyanocobalamin in physiological-buffer base, 10 mL multi-dose research vial (10 mg total cyanocobalamin per vial). Characteristic deep red colour from the cobalt-corrin chromophore. No reconstitution required — withdraw aseptically with sterile syringe. |
| Zuiverheid | ≥99% (HPLC verified); USP-grade cyanocobalamin reference standard. COA available on request. |
| Oplosbaarheid | Highly water-soluble (~12.5 mg/mL solubility limit at 25 °C); pre-formulated solution is well below saturation. Stable in aqueous buffer at pH 4–7. Avoid alkaline conditions (rapid hydroxocobalamin formation) and strong-reducing conditions (cob(II)alamin generation). |
| Opslag | Refrigerate at 2–8 °C; protect from light (cyanocobalamin is photosensitive — UV/blue light catalyses cyano-to-hydroxo conversion). Use multi-dose vial within 60 days of first puncture. Do not freeze (ice-crystal formation can crack the glass vial and risks photolytic degradation on prolonged frozen storage). Use within stated expiry on the vial label (typically 24 months from manufacture). |
| Onderzoeksgebruik | For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary diagnostic or therapeutic use. Cyanocobalamin is FDA-approved as an injectable vitamin supplement under the name Cyanokit (also for cyanide-poisoning antidote in the hydroxocobalamin form), but the research-grade material supplied here is intended for laboratory use only. Not on the WADA Prohibited List. |
What Is Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)?
Cyanocobalamin (CAS 68-19-9) is the synthetic, cyano-coordinated form of the vitamin B12 family of cobalamin coenzymes. Structurally it is a complex cobalt-centered corrinoid: a 19-atom macrocyclic ring (the corrin ring, similar in geometry to the porphyrin ring of haemoglobin but distinct in composition) coordinates a central cobalt ion in its 3+ oxidation state, with a dimethylbenzimidazole nucleotide tail dangling below the ring and a cyano (-CN) group occupying the upper axial coordination position. Molecular formula C63H88CoN14O14P, molecular weight 1355.37 g/mol. The molecule is intensely red — its visible-spectrum absorption (λmax ~360, ~520, ~550 nm) is what gives B12 solutions their characteristic deep pink-red colour.
The “cyano” form is a synthetic stabilisation choice rather than a biologically-significant species in vivo. Cobalamins in cells exist primarily as methylcobalamin (a methyl group on the upper axial position — the cytosolic cofactor for methionine synthase) and adenosylcobalamin (a 5′-deoxyadenosyl group on the upper axial position — the mitochondrial cofactor for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase). These two active forms are interconverted by dedicated cellular enzymes and are not commercially supplied in stable injectable form because of their light-sensitivity. Cyanocobalamin is supplied instead because the cyano group is photochemically and thermally stable, and cells convert cyanocobalamin to the methyl and adenosyl forms intracellularly via methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) and the methylmalonic aciduria cblA-type protein (MMAA), respectively.
In the research and clinical context, cyanocobalamin injectable preparations are the canonical supplemental form. The 10 mL multi-dose vial format (1 mg/mL × 10 mL = 10 mg per vial) supplied here matches the standard pharmaceutical preparation pattern. MedsBase stocks this format in the peptide-research catalogue as a small-molecule companion compound used in protocols that combine peptide research with cobalamin-axis biology — recovery research, methylation-cycle research, hematology, cognitive research with nootropic peptides, and energy-metabolism panels where the SAM cycle is engaged.
Mechanism of Action — Two Cobalamin-Coenzyme Reactions
B12 / cyanocobalamin’s biological mechanism is the sum of the two enzymatic reactions catalysed by the active cobalamin coenzymes derived from it:
- Cellular uptake via transcobalamin-II → cubilin / megalin — Free cyanocobalamin in extracellular fluid is bound by transcobalamin-II (TCII), and the TCII-B12 complex is taken up by the cubilin / megalin receptor system on cell surfaces. Intracellular release into the lysosome is followed by transport into the cytosol via the LMBRD1 / ABCD4 efflux complex.
- Intracellular conversion to active coenzymes — In the cytosol, methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) reduces and methylates cyanocobalamin to methylcobalamin (the active cytosolic form), losing the cyano group as cyanide (which is then detoxified by the rhodanese / thiosulfate system at the very low quantities generated). In the mitochondrion, the methylmalonic aciduria cblA-type protein (MMAA) plus methionine synthase reductase converts cyanocobalamin to adenosylcobalamin (the active mitochondrial form).
- Methylcobalamin → methionine synthase (cytosolic, one-carbon / SAM cycle) — Methionine synthase catalyses the transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate to homocysteine, regenerating methionine and tetrahydrofolate. This is the critical link between B12, folate, and the methionine / SAM cycle. SAM (S-adenosyl-methionine, generated from methionine + ATP) is the universal cellular methyl donor for the hundreds of cellular methylation reactions — DNA methylation, histone methylation, phospholipid methylation, neurotransmitter methylation (catecholamines, melatonin), creatine biosynthesis. B12 deficiency therefore disrupts the entire methylation programme of the cell and is the molecular basis for the haematological (megaloblastic anaemia from impaired DNA-methylation-dependent thymidine synthesis) and neurological (demyelination from impaired phospholipid methylation) sequelae of clinical B12 deficiency.
- Adenosylcobalamin → methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (mitochondrial, propionyl-CoA / TCA entry) — Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase catalyses the intramolecular rearrangement of (R)-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This is the metabolic entry point for propionyl-CoA-generating substrates — odd-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids (valine, isoleucine, methionine), cholesterol side-chain. Adenosylcobalamin deficiency causes accumulation of methylmalonate (the diagnostic biomarker of clinical B12 deficiency) and impairs propionyl-CoA / odd-chain fat oxidation.
- Connection to NAD-axis and one-carbon metabolism crossover — The B12 / methionine-synthase reaction sits at the same metabolic node as the SAM-consuming methylation reactions catalysed by hundreds of cellular methyltransferases, including NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) — the target of 5-Amino-1MQ. NNMT consumes SAM to methylate nicotinamide; impaired B12 / methionine-synthase function lowers cellular SAM availability and therefore lowers NNMT activity indirectly. Research that probes the NAD-axis / one-carbon-metabolism crossover often co-administers B12 and NNMT-pathway tools to dissect these connected biochemistries.
The pharmacokinetic profile of injectable cyanocobalamin is well-characterised: IM or SC administration produces rapid systemic absorption with peak plasma concentrations at 1–2 hours; substantial dose-dependent renal clearance (the kidney saturates and dose-dumps any cyanocobalamin above the transcobalamin-II carrier capacity); cellular uptake then proceeds over hours-to-days; conversion to active coenzymes happens continuously thereafter; and the very low daily turnover requirement of cobalamin coenzymes (~2 µg/d in human physiology) means that single high-dose injections produce sustained tissue-level effects for weeks. The 1 mg/mL × 10 mL multi-dose format supports typical research protocols ranging from single-bolus high-dose work to weekly or daily smaller-dose chronic dosing.
Published Research Applications
B12 / cyanocobalamin is used in laboratory research contexts that investigate:
- One-carbon metabolism and SAM-cycle research — the canonical small-molecule cofactor for methionine synthase; standard tool compound for any research that probes the folate / B12 / methionine / SAM axis; widely used in DNA-methylation and histone-methylation pharmacology research
- Homocysteine-axis research — methionine synthase deficiency / impairment causes homocysteine accumulation; cyanocobalamin supplementation is the standard intervention in published research models of hyperhomocysteinaemia and cardiovascular risk
- Haematology and erythropoiesis research — B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia via impaired DNA-methylation-dependent thymidine synthesis; published research uses cyanocobalamin in vitamin-deficiency erythropoiesis models, bone-marrow culture studies, and reticulocyte-response research
- Peripheral neuropathy and demyelination research — B12 deficiency causes peripheral neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord via impaired phospholipid methylation in myelin sheaths; published research uses cyanocobalamin supplementation in demyelination / remyelination model systems
- NAD-axis / methylation crossover research — combined with 5-Amino-1MQ (NNMT inhibitor) or NAD⁺ in published research that probes the SAM-cycle / nicotinamide-methylation node
- Recovery and athletic-research applications (combined with peptide protocols) — frequently included as a companion compound in research protocols that combine peptide therapeutics (BPC-157, TB-500, GH peptides) with cofactor / vitamin support; the canonical small-molecule companion to peptide-axis recovery research
- Cognitive and nootropic-research applications — combined with cognitive peptides (Selank, Semax, DSIP) in research on the cognitive sequelae of B12 deficiency and the cobalamin axis in CNS function
- Cyanocobalamin vs methylcobalamin vs hydroxocobalamin comparative research — published research has compared the four cobalamin forms head-to-head for bioavailability, intracellular conversion kinetics, and tissue-retention profiles; cyanocobalamin is the canonical reference compound against which the others are benchmarked
For broader context on small-molecule cofactor / coenzyme research compounds in this catalogue, see L-Carnitine (the closest small-molecule research-companion analogue — mitochondrial long-chain fatty-acid shuttle), NAD⁺ (oxidised dinucleotide coenzyme — direct NAD-pool supplementation), 5-Amino-1MQ (NNMT inhibitor — connects B12 / methionine cycle to NAD-axis), and MOTS-c (mitochondrial-derived metabolic peptide). Browse the full research peptides & compounds catalog.
Available Pack Sizes
MedsBase stocks Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Injectable in a single concentration / vial format with three pack-size options:
| Pack Size | Typical Research Use Case | Total Material |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Vial | Single-experiment, dose-titration, or short-course in-vivo research — 10 mg total cyanocobalamin in 10 mL multi-dose format covers 4–8 weeks of typical research-protocol dosing in rodents or small-cohort cell-culture work | 10 mg / 10 mL |
| 5 Vials | Multi-cohort or extended-cycle research — typical mid-scale research protocols using B12 as a companion compound alongside peptide-research dosing; per-vial economics improve significantly vs single-vial purchase | 50 mg / 50 mL |
| 10 Flesjes | Large-cohort or long-arm research protocols — chronic-dosing companion supply alongside long-cycle peptide protocols; lowest per-mg cost; covers multi-animal cohort work without re-purchase | 100 mg / 100 mL |
The single 1-vial pack is convenient for single-experiment or titration work; the 5-vial and 10-vial packs provide significant per-vial savings for chronic protocols or multi-cohort research. The 1 mg/mL × 10 mL multi-dose format matches the standard pharmaceutical injectable cyanocobalamin pattern and is well-suited to typical research-protocol dosing — IM, SC, or IV administration of 100 µg to 1 mg per dose (equivalent to 0.1–1 mL of the supplied solution) covers essentially all published research dose ranges.
How It Compares — B12 (Cyanocobalamin) vs L-Carnitine
B12 and L-Carnitine are the two best-characterised small-molecule research-companion compounds in this catalogue. Both serve as cofactor / shuttle compounds in mitochondrial and metabolic research, both are supplied in multi-dose injectable formats appropriate for research-protocol use alongside the peptide catalogue, and both are mechanistically distinct from the peptide research compounds. The comparison illustrates the two canonical “small-molecule research companion” compounds that researchers add to peptide protocols.
| Criterium | B12 (Cyanocobalamin) | L-Carnitine |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical class | Cobalt-centered corrinoid coenzyme (single small molecule) | Quaternary-ammonium amino-acid derivative (single zwitterion) |
| Molecular weight | 1355.37 g/mol | 161.20 g/mol |
| Cellular role | Cofactor — methionine synthase (cytosolic, SAM cycle) + methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (mitochondrial, propionyl-CoA → TCA) | Substrate carrier — long-chain fatty-acid shuttle across the mitochondrial inner membrane (β-oxidation entry) |
| Best research focus | One-carbon / methylation, homocysteine axis, megaloblastic erythropoiesis, demyelination research, cognitive / nootropic crossover | Fat oxidation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, insulin sensitivity, sperm motility, cardiovascular metabolic research |
| FDA approval | Yes — cyanocobalamin injectable approved for vitamin B12 deficiency; hydroxocobalamin approved as Cyanokit (cyanide antidote) | Yes — levocarnitine approved for primary/secondary carnitine deficiency (oral and IV) |
| Daily turnover requirement | Very low (~2 µg/d in human physiology) — single high-dose injections sustain tissue levels for weeks | High — endogenous carnitine pool ~25 g; daily replacement requirement in deficiency states is substantial |
| Supplied form | Pre-formulated sterile aqueous solution (1 mg/mL × 10 mL multi-dose) | Lyophilized powder (reconstitute with BAC water) |
| Typical research dose | 100 µg to 1 mg per dose (0.1–1 mL of supplied solution), IM / SC / IV | Hundreds of mg to gram-level per dose (rodent / large-animal protocols) |
For research focused on one-carbon metabolism, SAM cycle, homocysteine axis, or megaloblastic erythropoiesis, B12 / cyanocobalamin is the canonical small-molecule research-companion. For research focused on long-chain fatty-acid oxidation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, or insulin sensitivity, L-Carnitine is the more targeted tool. The two compounds are commonly co-administered as part of broader peptide-research protocols that benefit from both methylation-cycle and fatty-acid-oxidation cofactor support.
Storage and Handling
Pre-formulated solution — no reconstitution required. Unlike the lyophilized peptide products in this catalogue, cyanocobalamin injectable is supplied as a ready-to-use sterile aqueous solution. Withdraw aseptically with a sterile syringe each use; do not introduce contaminants into the multi-dose vial.
Opslag: refrigerate at 2–8 °C in original packaging. Protect from light at all times — cyanocobalamin is photosensitive (UV and short-wavelength visible light catalyses cyano-to-hydroxo and cyano-to-cob(II)alamin photoproducts). Store the vial in its original light-protective box or wrap in foil if removed. Avoid prolonged exposure to laboratory ambient light during handling.
Do not freeze. Ice-crystal formation can crack the glass vial, and frozen storage offers no stability benefit beyond refrigeration for an already-formulated aqueous solution. The solution is stable at 2–8 °C for at least 24 months from manufacture date in unopened state.
After first puncture: use the multi-dose vial within 60 days. The pre-formulated buffer includes preservatives (typically benzyl alcohol or phenol at pharmaceutical-grade concentrations) that maintain sterility during multi-dose use, but cumulative septum punctures eventually risk microbial ingress. Discard if cloudiness, particulates, marked colour change (especially fading from the characteristic deep red — indicates photodegradation), or precipitation appears.
Veelgestelde vragen
Why does the supplied B12 solution have a deep red colour?
The cobalt-centered corrin ring of cobalamins is a strong visible-spectrum chromophore — cyanocobalamin’s λmax absorbance bands at ~360 nm (UV), ~520 nm (green), and ~550 nm (green-yellow) produce the characteristic pink-red transmitted colour. Any cyanocobalamin solution should look intensely red; fading toward yellow or brown indicates photodegradation (cyano-to-hydroxo conversion or further reduction to cob(II)alamin) and the vial should be discarded.
Why does this B12 product use the cyano form instead of methyl- or hydroxocobalamin?
Cyanocobalamin is the standard form supplied as injectable B12 because it is photochemically and thermally the most stable of the cobalamin forms — the cyano group resists the photolytic degradation that affects methyl-, hydroxo-, and adenosylcobalamin in solution. Once cyanocobalamin enters cells, intracellular enzymes (MTRR, MMAA) convert it to the biologically-active methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin forms. For most research applications, cyanocobalamin is therefore the practical choice. Researchers specifically studying methylcobalamin or hydroxocobalamin pharmacology (e.g., differential cellular-uptake kinetics, light-degradation pathways, or cyanide-antidote applications) require those specific forms separately.
Is this B12 product a peptide?
No. Cyanocobalamin is a small-molecule cobalt-centered corrinoid coenzyme (MW 1355.37 g/mol), niet a peptide. We stock it in our peptide-research catalogue as the canonical small-molecule companion compound used in protocols that combine peptide research with cobalamin-axis biology. The spec table Sequence row is marked “n/a” for this reason. Other small-molecule research companions in this catalogue include L-Carnitine, NAD⁺, 5-Amino-1MQ, en AICAR.
What published dose ranges have been used in research?
Injectable cyanocobalamin published dosing in human-clinical and rodent in-vivo work typically uses 100–1000 µg per dose (0.1–1.0 mL of the supplied 1 mg/mL solution), IM or SC, daily for the first week and then weekly or monthly thereafter for chronic protocols. The 1000 µg single bolus is the canonical “loading dose” in clinical-translational research. In-vitro cell-culture protocols typically use nanomolar to micromolar concentrations. Researchers should consult primary literature appropriate to the specific application (haematology, neuropathy, cardiovascular, one-carbon metabolism, etc.).
Can B12 be combined with peptides like Selank, Semax, or DSIP in research protocols?
Yes — B12 is commonly combined with nootropic peptides (Selank, Semax, DSIP) in research on the cognitive sequelae of cobalamin deficiency and the broader cobalamin-axis contribution to CNS function. B12 is also commonly co-administered with recovery peptides (BPC-157, TB-500), growth-hormone peptides (Sermorelin, Tesamorelin), and metabolic peptides (MOTS-c) as a companion cofactor. The pre-formulated aqueous form means it can be withdrawn fresh into a separate syringe for each administration — do not mix with other peptide solutions in the same syringe, as the cobalt-corrin chromophore can interact with thiol-containing peptides and induce minor photoredox effects.
Why is cyanocobalamin sometimes mentioned alongside cyanide?
The cyano group on cyanocobalamin is a very small amount of bound cyanide — when intracellular enzymes convert cyanocobalamin to the active methyl/adenosyl forms, free cyanide is released in stoichiometric amount, but the quantity is very small (~25 µg of cyanide per 1 mg of cyanocobalamin) and is detoxified by the cellular rhodanese / thiosulfate system without clinical significance. The opposite reaction — cobalamin scavenging cyanide — is the basis of hydroxocobalamin’s approved use as a cyanide-antidote drug (Cyanokit), where high-dose hydroxocobalamin sequesters circulating cyanide as cyanocobalamin for renal excretion. Researchers in cyanide-antidote research require hydroxocobalamin specifically, not cyanocobalamin.
How does this research-grade B12 compare with the existing branded B12 products on MedsBase?
The existing branded B12 products on MedsBase (e.g., Vitamin B12 1500 mcg Tablets) are clinical-pharmaceutical-grade B12 packaged in tablet form for oral / sublingual use, positioned in the nerve-health / energy-supplement category. The research-grade B12 supplied here is the injectable cyanocobalamin form in 10 mL multi-dose vial format, positioned in the peptide-research catalogue as a small-molecule research-companion alongside the peptide compounds. Researchers requiring an oral / sublingual B12 supplement should use the tablet products; researchers requiring injectable cyanocobalamin for in-vivo or cell-culture work alongside peptide protocols can use the material supplied here.
Is B12 on the WADA Prohibited List?
No. Vitamin B12 / cyanocobalamin is not on the WADA Prohibited List. It is a vitamin / cofactor compound commonly used both clinically (for B12 deficiency treatment) and as a permitted supplement in athletic contexts. There are no athletic-performance regulatory restrictions on cyanocobalamin or other cobalamin forms.
Other Small-Molecule Research Companion Compounds
- L-Carnitine — Mitochondrial fatty-acid shuttle — closest small-molecule research-companion analogue
- NAD⁺ — Oxidised dinucleotide coenzyme — direct NAD-pool supplementation research
- 5-Amino-1MQ — NNMT inhibitor — connects B12 / methionine cycle to NAD-axis methylation
- AICAR — Canonical small-molecule AMPK activator — companion metabolic research compound
- MOTS-c — Mitochondrial-derived metabolic peptide — alternative-mechanism cofactor research
- BAC Water (Bacteriostatisch Water) — Required for reconstituting any lyophilized vial — sterile, 0.9% benzyl-alcohol-preserved diluent
Meer opties in Peptiden
Gerangschikt op recente bestelvolumes van MedsBase — wat andere klanten in deze categorie kiezen.
| Sterkte | 10 mg / 10 mL |
|---|---|
| Hoeveelheid | 1 Vial, 5 Vials, 10 Vials, 30 Vials |
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) Injectable — Research Grade
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